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Money watch

Unusual campaigns in the House races

Eight plain rules applied to reported campaign money: who is self-funding, who leans on PACs, who is out-raising an incumbent, and who has cash left.

321candidates with at least one flag
8rules
$4.1M90th-percentile raised
The ruleswhat each flag means
Flag rules
FlagRuleCandidates
Top 10% fundraisersTotal receipts at or above the 90th percentile of candidates in the race (and at least $1M).84
Self-fundedAt least half of receipts, and at least $250K, came from the candidate's own contributions and loans.34
PAC-reliantAt least half of receipts, and at least $250K, came from PACs and other committees.89
Party-backedAt least a quarter of receipts, and at least $250K in total, came from party committees.0
Outraised the incumbentA non-incumbent in the race whose total receipts exceed those of the incumbent in the same race.11
Sitting on cashAt least $1M raised, with at least 80% still unspent.92
Spent almost everythingAt least $500K raised, with at least 95% already spent.72
Carrying debtDebts of at least $100K that equal at least a quarter of receipts.76
Read this first

A flag is a rule applied to FEC totals, not a judgement about a candidate. “Raised” means total receipts, not spending. Totals are for each candidate's principal campaign committee and cover the latest filing, so leadership PACs and outside groups are not included and the picture changes as new reports arrive. Missing data is never counted as zero in a rule.

Top 10% fundraisers84 candidates

Total receipts at or above the 90th percentile of candidates in the race (and at least $1M).

Top 10% fundraisers
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
Alexandria Ocasio-CortezNY-14DEM$32.6MRaised $32.6M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
James Michael JohnsonLA-04REP$21.0MRaised $21.0M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Hakeem JeffriesNY-08DEM$14.9MRaised $14.9M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Ro KhannaCA-17DEM$13.8MRaised $13.8M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Eugene VindmanVA-07DEM$12.4MRaised $12.4M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
April McClain DelaneyMD-06DEM$12.3MRaised $12.3M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Steve ScaliseLA-01REP$10.6MRaised $10.6M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Eileen LaubacherCO-04DEM$10.3MRaised $10.3M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Tom EmmerMN-06REP$9.8MRaised $9.8M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Eli CraneAZ-02REP$9.5MRaised $9.5M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Anthony ConstantinoNY-21REP$9.5MRaised $9.5M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Young KimCA-40REP$8.8MRaised $8.8M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Janelle StelsonPA-10DEM$8.7MRaised $8.7M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Rebecca CookeWI-03DEM$8.6MRaised $8.6M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Eric JonesCA-04DEM$8.4MRaised $8.4M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Mike LawlerNY-17REP$8.2MRaised $8.2M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Shawn HarrisGA-14DEM$8.1MRaised $8.1M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Derrick Van OrdenWI-03REP$7.5MRaised $7.5M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Colin AllredTX-33DEM$7.4MRaised $7.4M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Jamie RaskinMD-08DEM$7.4MRaised $7.4M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
JoAnna MendozaAZ-06DEM$7.4MRaised $7.4M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Mariannette Miller-MeeksIA-01REP$7.2MRaised $7.2M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Christina BohannanIA-01DEM$7.1MRaised $7.1M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Ritchie TorresNY-15DEM$6.9MRaised $6.9M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Brian FitzpatrickPA-01REP$6.7MRaised $6.7M, in the top 10% of candidates in the race
Self-funded34 candidates

At least half of receipts, and at least $250K, came from the candidate's own contributions and loans.

Self-funded
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
April McClain DelaneyMD-06DEM$12.3M89% of receipts came from the candidate ($11.0M)
Anthony ConstantinoNY-21REP$9.5M99% of receipts came from the candidate ($9.4M)
Eric JonesCA-04DEM$8.4M64% of receipts came from the candidate ($5.4M)
Joe StradaFL-11REP$5.2M95% of receipts came from the candidate ($5.0M)
Martin O'DonnellNV-03REP$4.1M74% of receipts came from the candidate ($3.0M)
Victor MellorRI-02REP$3.0M98% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.9M)
Mark TeixeiraTX-21REP$3.9M70% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.8M)
Casey AskarFL-22REP$2.6M96% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.5M)
Michael EcholsLA-05REP$3.0M82% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.4M)
Laurie BuckhoutNC-01REP$3.8M63% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.4M)
Barb RegnitzIN-01REP$2.4M91% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.2M)
Mike BeltranFL-14REP$2.1M95% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.0M)
Jefferson ShreveIN-06REP$2.4M82% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.0M)
Shaun FinnieTX-02DEM$2.7M72% of receipts came from the candidate ($2.0M)
John CowanGA-11REP$2.3M75% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.8M)
Anthony DiLorenzoNH-01REP$2.5M70% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.8M)
David FlippoNV-02REP$2.3M74% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.7M)
Chris GoberTX-10REP$2.6M64% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.6M)
Chuck GrayWY-ALREP$1.6M85% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.4M)
Mark TedfordOK-01REP$1.8M74% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.3M)
Johnny GarrettTN-06REP$2.4M51% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.2M)
Dan GreenFL-09REP$1.3M88% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.1M)
Jim SchwartzelFL-19REP$2.1M51% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.1M)
Jennifer DavisIL-08REP$1.5M68% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.0M)
Brent TaylorTN-09REP$1.5M65% of receipts came from the candidate ($1.0M)
PAC-reliant89 candidates

At least half of receipts, and at least $250K, came from PACs and other committees.

PAC-reliant
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
S. Brett GuthrieKY-02REP$4.7M64% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($3.0M)
Jason SmithMO-08REP$5.3M52% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($2.7M)
Andrew GarbarinoNY-02REP$3.5M51% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.8M)
Steven HorsfordNV-04DEM$3.4M53% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.8M)
Mike CareyOH-15REP$3.3M53% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.7M)
Terri SewellAL-07DEM$2.0M81% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.6M)
Adrian SmithNE-03REP$2.2M72% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.6M)
Jimmy PanettaCA-19DEM$2.9M54% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.6M)
Richard NealMA-01DEM$2.5M63% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.6M)
Frank PalloneNJ-06DEM$2.2M66% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.5M)
Blake MooreUT-02REP$2.5M56% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.4M)
John JoycePA-13REP$2.4M58% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.4M)
Darren SotoFL-09DEM$2.2M64% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.4M)
Linda SánchezCA-41DEM$1.6M78% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.2M)
Carol MillerWV-01REP$1.7M71% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.2M)
Morgan GriffithVA-09REP$1.8M67% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.2M)
David RouzerNC-07REP$2.0M61% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.2M)
Rick LarsenWA-02DEM$2.0M57% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.2M)
Aaron BeanFL-04REP$2.2M53% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.1M)
Ron EstesKS-04REP$1.9M59% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.1M)
Scott PetersCA-50DEM$1.8M59% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.1M)
Joyce BeattyOH-03DEM$1.4M73% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.1M)
Erin HouchinIN-09REP$1.9M56% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.0M)
Troy BaldersonOH-12REP$1.7M60% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.0M)
Glenn ThompsonPA-15REP$1.9M56% of receipts came from PACs and other committees ($1.0M)
Party-backed0 candidates

At least a quarter of receipts, and at least $250K in total, came from party committees.

Party-backed
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
Outraised the incumbent11 candidates

A non-incumbent in the race whose total receipts exceed those of the incumbent in the same race.

Outraised the incumbent
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
Eileen LaubacherCO-04DEM$10.3MRaised $10.3M, more than incumbent Lauren Boebert ($1.0M)
Janelle StelsonPA-10DEM$8.7MRaised $8.7M, more than incumbent Scott Perry ($5.2M)
Rebecca CookeWI-03DEM$8.6MRaised $8.6M, more than incumbent Derrick Van Orden ($7.5M)
Eric JonesCA-04DEM$8.4MRaised $8.4M, more than incumbent Mike Thompson ($4.2M)
Shawn HarrisGA-14DEM$8.1MRaised $8.1M, more than incumbent Clay Fuller ($1.8M)
JoAnna MendozaAZ-06DEM$7.4MRaised $7.4M, more than incumbent Juan Ciscomani ($6.2M)
Sarah Trone GarriottIA-03DEM$5.3MRaised $5.3M, more than incumbent Zach Nunn ($4.9M)
Jessica KillinCO-05DEM$3.1MRaised $3.1M, more than incumbent Jeff Crank ($2.2M)
Victor MellorRI-02REP$3.0MRaised $3.0M, more than incumbent Seth Magaziner ($1.4M)
Carrie BuckNV-01REP$1.9MRaised $1.9M, more than incumbent Dina Titus ($1.5M)
Beth MacyVA-06DEM$1.7MRaised $1.7M, more than incumbent Ben Cline ($1.4M)
Sitting on cash92 candidates

At least $1M raised, with at least 80% still unspent.

Sitting on cash
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
Ro KhannaCA-17DEM$13.8M$16.9M of the $13.8M raised is still unspent
Ritchie TorresNY-15DEM$6.9M$14.0M of the $6.9M raised is still unspent
Josh GottheimerNJ-05DEM$4.8M$12.8M of the $4.8M raised is still unspent
Jamie RaskinMD-08DEM$7.4M$7.9M of the $7.4M raised is still unspent
Jake AuchinclossMA-04DEM$3.6M$7.3M of the $3.6M raised is still unspent
Darin LaHoodIL-16REP$3.7M$6.7M of the $3.7M raised is still unspent
Brian FitzpatrickPA-01REP$6.7M$6.4M of the $6.7M raised is still unspent
Bryan SteilWI-01REP$5.5M$6.3M of the $5.5M raised is still unspent
Jim JordanOH-04REP$4.8M$6.0M of the $4.8M raised is still unspent
Tom SuozziNY-03DEM$5.5M$5.7M of the $5.5M raised is still unspent
Brendan BoylePA-02DEM$2.5M$5.6M of the $2.5M raised is still unspent
Ronny JacksonTX-13REP$4.0M$5.4M of the $4.0M raised is still unspent
Jimmy PanettaCA-19DEM$2.9M$5.1M of the $2.9M raised is still unspent
Chuck FleischmannTN-03REP$2.7M$5.1M of the $2.7M raised is still unspent
Jason SmithMO-08REP$5.3M$5.0M of the $5.3M raised is still unspent
Josh HarderCA-09DEM$4.1M$4.7M of the $4.1M raised is still unspent
Bruce WestermanAR-04REP$2.6M$4.7M of the $2.6M raised is still unspent
Rob WittmanVA-01REP$4.1M$4.3M of the $4.1M raised is still unspent
Ann WagnerMO-02REP$3.5M$4.2M of the $3.5M raised is still unspent
Chrissy HoulahanPA-06DEM$1.8M$4.0M of the $1.8M raised is still unspent
John JoycePA-13REP$2.4M$3.8M of the $2.4M raised is still unspent
Terri SewellAL-07DEM$2.0M$3.8M of the $2.0M raised is still unspent
Susie LeeNV-03DEM$4.4M$3.7M of the $4.4M raised is still unspent
Don DavisNC-01DEM$4.3M$3.6M of the $4.3M raised is still unspent
Kim SchrierWA-08DEM$3.0M$3.5M of the $3.0M raised is still unspent
Spent almost everything72 candidates

At least $500K raised, with at least 95% already spent.

Spent almost everything
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
Hakeem JeffriesNY-08DEM$14.9MHas spent 100% of what it raised ($14.9M of $14.9M)
April McClain DelaneyMD-06DEM$12.3MHas spent 98% of what it raised ($12.0M of $12.3M)
Steve ScaliseLA-01REP$10.6MHas spent 102% of what it raised ($10.9M of $10.6M)
Young KimCA-40REP$8.8MHas spent 101% of what it raised ($8.9M of $8.8M)
Shawn HarrisGA-14DEM$8.1MHas spent 100% of what it raised ($8.1M of $8.1M)
Colin AllredTX-33DEM$7.4MHas spent 98% of what it raised ($7.3M of $7.4M)
Rudy YakymIN-02REP$5.2MHas spent 95% of what it raised ($5.0M of $5.2M)
Jim JordanOH-04REP$4.8MHas spent 131% of what it raised ($6.2M of $4.8M)
Josh GottheimerNJ-05DEM$4.8MHas spent 267% of what it raised ($12.7M of $4.8M)
Mike ThompsonCA-04DEM$4.2MHas spent 103% of what it raised ($4.3M of $4.2M)
Christian MenefeeTX-18DEM$3.6MHas spent 96% of what it raised ($3.5M of $3.6M)
Suzan DelBeneWA-01DEM$3.6MHas spent 99% of what it raised ($3.5M of $3.6M)
Rashida TlaibMI-12DEM$2.8MHas spent 130% of what it raised ($3.6M of $2.8M)
Chris GoberTX-10REP$2.6MHas spent 95% of what it raised ($2.4M of $2.6M)
Brad ShermanCA-32DEM$2.5MHas spent 150% of what it raised ($3.8M of $2.5M)
Pramila JayapalWA-07DEM$2.5MHas spent 110% of what it raised ($2.7M of $2.5M)
Richard NealMA-01DEM$2.5MHas spent 125% of what it raised ($3.1M of $2.5M)
Brad LanderNY-10DEM$2.5MHas spent 98% of what it raised ($2.4M of $2.5M)
Donna MillerIL-02DEM$2.5MHas spent 98% of what it raised ($2.4M of $2.5M)
Lauren UnderwoodIL-14DEM$2.4MHas spent 98% of what it raised ($2.4M of $2.4M)
John CowanGA-11REP$2.3MHas spent 99% of what it raised ($2.3M of $2.3M)
David FlippoNV-02REP$2.3MHas spent 95% of what it raised ($2.2M of $2.3M)
Frank PalloneNJ-06DEM$2.2MHas spent 100% of what it raised ($2.2M of $2.2M)
Dan MeuserPA-09REP$2.1MHas spent 95% of what it raised ($2.0M of $2.1M)
Grace MengNY-06DEM$2.0MHas spent 97% of what it raised ($2.0M of $2.0M)
Carrying debt76 candidates

Debts of at least $100K that equal at least a quarter of receipts.

Carrying debt
CandidateDistrictPartyRaisedWhy it is flagged
April McClain DelaneyMD-06DEM$12.3MOwes $14.9M, 121% of receipts
Anthony ConstantinoNY-21REP$9.5MOwes $12.0M, 127% of receipts
Gil CisnerosCA-31DEM$705KOwes $5.5M, 773% of receipts
Joe StradaFL-11REP$5.2MOwes $5.0M, 95% of receipts
Jefferson ShreveIN-06REP$2.4MOwes $3.9M, 161% of receipts
Laurie BuckhoutNC-01REP$3.8MOwes $3.5M, 92% of receipts
Martin O'DonnellNV-03REP$4.1MOwes $3.0M, 74% of receipts
Mark TeixeiraTX-21REP$3.9MOwes $2.8M, 70% of receipts
Victor MellorRI-02REP$3.0MOwes $2.2M, 73% of receipts
Casey AskarFL-22REP$2.6MOwes $2.1M, 81% of receipts
Troy DowningMT-02REP$2.1MOwes $2.0M, 95% of receipts
Mike BeltranFL-14REP$2.1MOwes $2.0M, 95% of receipts
Blake MiguezLA-06REP$6.6MOwes $2.0M, 30% of receipts
Barb RegnitzIN-01REP$2.4MOwes $2.0M, 84% of receipts
Shaun FinnieTX-02DEM$2.7MOwes $2.0M, 72% of receipts
John CowanGA-11REP$2.3MOwes $1.8M, 76% of receipts
Anthony DiLorenzoNH-01REP$2.5MOwes $1.8M, 70% of receipts
David TaylorOH-02REP$1.1MOwes $1.7M, 156% of receipts
Rick AllenGA-12REP$1.2MOwes $1.6M, 136% of receipts
David FlippoNV-02REP$2.3MOwes $1.6M, 71% of receipts
Michael EcholsLA-05REP$3.0MOwes $1.6M, 53% of receipts
Diana HarshbargerTN-01REP$1.5MOwes $1.5M, 96% of receipts
Doris MatsuiCA-07DEM$3.2MOwes $1.4M, 44% of receipts
Chuck GrayWY-ALREP$1.6MOwes $1.4M, 85% of receipts
George WhitesidesCA-27DEM$4.0MOwes $1.3M, 33% of receipts
Close races with little money7 races

Rated Lean or closer by the median forecaster, with less than $3M raised in total by the candidates in the race.

Close races, little money
DistrictForecaster consensusRaised by all in the raceCandidates
AZ-01Lean D$1.8M2
TX-35Lean R$2.0M2
FL-27Lean R$2.7M2
MT-01Lean R$2.7M2
OH-07Toss-up$2.7M2
MI-10Toss-up$2.8M2
KY-06Lean R$3.0M2
Most expensive racestop 15

Total receipts of all candidates in the race.

Most expensive races
DistrictForecaster consensusRaised by all in the raceCandidates
NY-14Safe D$33.0M2
LA-04Safe R$21.6M5
WI-03Toss-up$16.1M2
CA-40Safe R$15.0M2
NY-21Likely R$14.9M2
NY-08Safe D$14.9M1
IA-01Lean D$14.4M3
PA-10Tilt D$13.9M2
CA-17Safe D$13.8M2
AZ-06Toss-up$13.5M3
AZ-02Likely R$13.0M2
MD-06Safe D$12.7M2
VA-07Likely D$12.6M2
CA-04Safe D$12.6M2
NY-17Toss-up$12.5M2
Races with a single candidate75 races

Districts where only one candidate is listed as a November nominee.

Single-candidate races
DistrictForecaster consensusRaised by all in the raceCandidates
AZ-03Safe D$1.4M1
AR-01Safe R$944K1
CA-02Safe D$978K1
CA-10Safe D$567K1
CA-15Safe D$820K1
CA-16Safe D$3.5M1
CA-26Safe D$377K1
CA-28Safe D$930K1
CA-33Safe D$4.7M1
CA-38Safe D$1.0M1
CA-39Safe D$894K1
CA-43Safe D$864K1
CA-50Safe D$1.8M1
CA-51Safe D$1.6M1
CO-01Safe D$1.1M1
CO-02Safe D$2.7M1
CO-06Safe D$3.2M1
FL-10Safe D$3.5M1
FL-19Safe R$2.1M1
GA-04Safe D$402K1
GA-05Safe D$600K1
GA-09Safe R$671K1
GA-13Safe D$1.6M1
HI-01Safe D$1.1M1
IL-02Safe D$2.5M1
IL-05Safe D$726K1
IL-09Safe D$2.9M1
IL-10Safe D$3.0M1
IN-07Safe D$1.0M1
MD-04Safe D$674K1
MD-05Safe D$1.7M1
MD-07Safe D$415K1
MA-01Safe D$2.5M1
MA-02Safe D$984K1
MA-05Safe D$4.5M1
MA-07Safe D$1.2M1
MA-08Safe D$910K1
MI-06Safe D$1.2M1
MI-12Safe D$2.8M1
MI-13Safe D$1.4M1
MN-03Safe D$1.4M1
MO-01Safe D$3.6M1
NJ-08Safe D$2.0M1
NM-01Safe D$1.4M1
NY-05Safe D$1.7M1
NY-06Safe D$2.0M1
NY-08Safe D$14.9M1
NY-09Safe D$1.0M1
NY-10Safe D$2.5M1
NY-13Safe D$1.4M1
NY-16Safe D$514K1
NY-26Safe D$2.3M1
NC-11Toss-up$3.1M1
OH-02Safe R$1.1M1
OH-03Safe D$1.4M1
OH-06Safe R$1.4M1
OH-08Safe R$751K1
OH-11Safe D$1.2M1
OK-02Safe R$219K1
OK-03Safe R$907K1
OR-03Safe D$1.0M1
PA-02Safe D$2.5M1
PA-16Safe R$67K1
SC-06Safe D$1.2M1
TX-07Safe D$77K1
TX-12Safe R$1.8M1
TX-16Safe D$859K1
TX-18Safe D$3.6M1
TX-25Safe R$1.4M1
TX-29Safe D$987K1
TX-33Safe D$7.4M1
VA-04Safe D$1.1M1
WA-10Safe D$1.8M1
WI-02Safe D$815K1
WI-04Safe D$1.1M1